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Field

Term
Gene name

Class

Subclass

Chromosome

External id

In atlas

Reliability

Reliability

Reliability

Validation

Method

Validation

Method

Validation

Method

Validation

Location

Searches

Tissue

Cell type

Expression

Tissue

Specificity

Cell line

Specificity

Tissue

Detectable

Cell line

Detectable

Category

Score

Score

Score

Antibodies

Column

 
 
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APOA4
  • premium

    TISSUE

  • CELL

  • CANCER

CANCER ATLAS

GENE/PROTEIN

Antibody validation

Dictionary

Level of antibody staining/expression





High
Medium
Low
Not detected

CANCER ATLASi

The cancer tissue page shows antibody staining in 20 different cancers. The assay and annotation is described here.

This page starts with information about the protein evidence and, when applicable, also protein class. Below the summary, a selection of four standard cancer tissue samples is displayed as representative of the overall staining pattern. From left: colorectal cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer and lung cancer. An additional 5th image can be added as a complement.

For histological reference, visit the histological dictionary.

Gene description

Apolipoprotein A-IV

Protein class

Candidate cardiovascular disease genes, Plasma proteins, Predicted secreted proteins

Protein evidence

Evidence at protein level
Colorectal cancer
Breast cancer
Prostate cancer
Lung cancer
Liver cancer

STAINING SUMMARYi

The cancer tissue summary page shows antibody staining in 20 different cancers. The assay and annotation is described here.

For each cancer, the fraction of samples with antibody staining/protein expression level high, medium, low, or not detected are provided by the blue-scale color-coding (as described by the color-coding scale in the box to the right). The length of the bar represents the number of patient samples analyzed (max=12 patients). The images and annotations can be accessed by clicking on the cancer name or protein expression bar. If more than one antibody is analyzed, the tabs at the top of the staining summary section can be used to toggle between the different antibodies. The tooltip function displays additional data for the features in the staining summary view.

Next to the cancer staining data, the protein expression data of normal tissues or specific cell types corresponding to each cancer are shown and protein expression levels are indicated by the blue-scale color coding.

At the bottom of the page, a summary of the overall protein expression pattern across the analyzed cancer tissues as well as information about literature conformity are presented.

HPA001352
HPA002549
CAB068250
CAB068251
CAB068252

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Staining summary

Fraction of cells in few cases of endometrial and liver cancers exhibited weak to moderate cytoplasmic positivity. Membranous positivity was noted in few cases of urothelial cancer. Remaining cancer tissues were mostly negative.

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Staining summary

Few stomach and breast cancers showed moderate cytoplasmic positivity. Other cancer tissues were general weakly stained or were negative.

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Staining summary

Most papillary adenocarcinomas of thyroid exhibited moderate cytoplasmic and/or nuclear staining. Few renal, stomach and pancreatic cancers were weak to moderately stained. Remaining cancer tissues were negative.

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Staining summary

Several renal cell carcinomas and skin cancers along with few cases of pancreatic thyroid and stomach cancers exhibited weak to moderate cytoplasmic immunoreactivity. Other cancer tissues were in general negative.

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Staining summary

Few cases of duct carcinomas of breast, melanoma, carcinoid, renal cancers along with head and neck cancers showed moderate cytoplasmic staining. A single case of embryonal carcinoma of testis and renal cancer displayed strong membranous and cytoplasmic positivity. A single case of papillary adenocarcinoma of thyroid showed strong cytoplasmic and nuclear immunoreactivity. Remaining cancer tissues were weakly stained or negative.

GENE INFORMATIONi

Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.

Gene name

APOA4

Synonyms

Description

Apolipoprotein A-IV (HGNC Symbol)

Entrez gene summary

Apoliprotein (apo) A-IV gene contains 3 exons separated by two introns. A sequence polymorphism has been identified in the 3'UTR of the third exon. The primary translation product is a 396-residue preprotein which after proteolytic processing is secreted its primary site of synthesis, the intestine, in association with chylomicron particles. Although its precise function is not known, apo A-IV is a potent activator of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase in vitro. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Chromosome

11

Cytoband

q23.3

Chromosome location (bp)

116820700 - 116823306

Protein evidence

Evidence at protein level (all genes)

Ensembl

ENSG00000110244 (version 83.38)

Entrez gene

337

UniProt

P06727 (UniProt - Evidence at protein level)

neXtProt

NX_P06727

Antibodypedia

APOA4 antibodies

PROTEIN BROWSERi

The protein browser displays the antigen location on the target protein(s) and the features of the target protein. The tabs at the top of the protein view section can be used to switch between the different splice variants to which an antigen has been mapped.

At the top of the view, the position of the antigen (identified by the corresponding HPA identifier) is shown as a green bar. A yellow triangle on the bar indicates a <100% sequence identity to the protein target.

Under the antigens, the maximum percent sequence identity of the protein to all other proteins from other human genes is displayed, using a sliding window of 10 aa residues (HsID 10) or 50 aa residues (HsID 50) (read more).

If a signal peptide is predicted by a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius (turquoise) and/or transmembrane regions (orange) are predicted by MDM, these are displayed.

Low complexity regions are shown in yellow and InterPro regions in green. Common (purple) and unique (grey) regions between different splice variants of the gene are also displayed (read more), and at the bottom of the protein view is the protein scale.

APOA4-001

PROTEIN INFORMATIONi

The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.

The ENSP identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary, while the ENST identifier links to the Ensembl website transcript summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the UniProt column can be expanded to show links to all matching UniProt identifiers for this protein.

The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.

The Gene Ontology terms assigned to this protein are listed if expanding the Gene ontology column. The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide (according to a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius) and the number of predicted transmembrane region(s) (according to MDM) are also reported.

Splice variant

UniProt

Protein class

Gene ontology

Length & mass

Signal peptide
(predicted)

Transmembrane regions
(predicted)

APOA4-001
ENSP00000350425
ENST00000357780
P06727 [Direct mapping]
Apolipoprotein A-IV
Show all
   MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins
Predicted secreted proteins
   Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC
   SignalP predicted secreted proteins
   Phobius predicted secreted proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins
Plasma proteins
Candidate cardiovascular disease genes
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0001523 [retinoid metabolic process]
GO:0002227 [innate immune response in mucosa]
GO:0005319 [lipid transporter activity]
GO:0005507 [copper ion binding]
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
GO:0005576 [extracellular region]
GO:0005615 [extracellular space]
GO:0005769 [early endosome]
GO:0005788 [endoplasmic reticulum lumen]
GO:0005829 [cytosol]
GO:0006695 [cholesterol biosynthetic process]
GO:0006869 [lipid transport]
GO:0006982 [response to lipid hydroperoxide]
GO:0007159 [leukocyte cell-cell adhesion]
GO:0007603 [phototransduction, visible light]
GO:0008203 [cholesterol metabolic process]
GO:0008289 [lipid binding]
GO:0009986 [cell surface]
GO:0010873 [positive regulation of cholesterol esterification]
GO:0010898 [positive regulation of triglyceride catabolic process]
GO:0015485 [cholesterol binding]
GO:0016209 [antioxidant activity]
GO:0017127 [cholesterol transporter activity]
GO:0019430 [removal of superoxide radicals]
GO:0019433 [triglyceride catabolic process]
GO:0030300 [regulation of intestinal cholesterol absorption]
GO:0031102 [neuron projection regeneration]
GO:0031210 [phosphatidylcholine binding]
GO:0032374 [regulation of cholesterol transport]
GO:0033344 [cholesterol efflux]
GO:0033700 [phospholipid efflux]
GO:0034361 [very-low-density lipoprotein particle]
GO:0034364 [high-density lipoprotein particle]
GO:0034371 [chylomicron remodeling]
GO:0034372 [very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling]
GO:0034375 [high-density lipoprotein particle remodeling]
GO:0034378 [chylomicron assembly]
GO:0034380 [high-density lipoprotein particle assembly]
GO:0034445 [negative regulation of plasma lipoprotein particle oxidation]
GO:0035634 [response to stilbenoid]
GO:0042157 [lipoprotein metabolic process]
GO:0042627 [chylomicron]
GO:0042632 [cholesterol homeostasis]
GO:0042744 [hydrogen peroxide catabolic process]
GO:0042803 [protein homodimerization activity]
GO:0043691 [reverse cholesterol transport]
GO:0044240 [multicellular organismal lipid catabolic process]
GO:0044267 [cellular protein metabolic process]
GO:0044281 [small molecule metabolic process]
GO:0045723 [positive regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process]
GO:0046470 [phosphatidylcholine metabolic process]
GO:0051006 [positive regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity]
GO:0055088 [lipid homeostasis]
GO:0060228 [phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase activator activity]
GO:0065005 [protein-lipid complex assembly]
GO:0070062 [extracellular exosome]
GO:0070328 [triglyceride homeostasis]
GO:0072562 [blood microparticle]
Show all
396 aa
45.4 kDa
Yes 0

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The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
by the Knut & Alice Wallenberg foundation.