We use cookies to enhance the usability of our website. If you continue, we'll assume that you are happy to receive all cookies. More information. Don't show this again.
The cancer tissue page shows antibody staining in 20 different cancers. The assay and annotation is described here.
This page starts with information about the protein evidence and, when applicable, also protein class. Below the summary, a selection of four standard cancer tissue samples is displayed as representative of the overall staining pattern. From left: colorectal cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer and lung cancer. An additional 5th image can be added as a complement.
The cancer tissue summary page shows antibody staining in 20 different cancers. The assay and annotation is described here.
For each cancer, the fraction of samples with antibody staining/protein expression level high, medium, low, or not detected are provided by the blue-scale color-coding (as described by the color-coding scale in the box to the right). The length of the bar represents the number of patient samples analyzed (max=12 patients). The images and annotations can be accessed by clicking on the cancer name or protein expression bar. If more than one antibody is analyzed, the tabs at the top of the staining summary section can be used to toggle between the different antibodies. The tooltip function displays additional data for the features in the staining summary view.
Next to the cancer staining data, the protein expression data of normal tissues or specific cell types corresponding to each cancer are shown and protein expression levels are indicated by the blue-scale color coding.
At the bottom of the page, a summary of the overall protein expression pattern across the analyzed cancer tissues as well as information about literature conformity are presented.
Few cases of gliomas, melanomas, lymphomas, skin, urothelial, testicular and renal cancers showed moderate nuclear and/or cytoplasmic positivity. Other cancers tissues were in general weakly stained or negative.
Most cancers showed moderate nuclear positivity. Cases of colorectal, endometrial, ovarian, renal and thyroid cancers showed cases with strong immunoreactivity.
A rare case of melanoma displayed strong cytoplasmic staining. Several cases of melanomas, colorectal, liver and breast cancers exhibited weak to moderate cytoplasmic staining. Nuclear positivity was noted in few squamous cell carcinomas and testicular cancers. Remaining cancer tissues were mostly negative.
GENE INFORMATIONi
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Gene name
SMAD2 (HGNC Symbol)
Synonyms
JV18-1, MADH2, MADR2
Description
SMAD family member 2 (HGNC Symbol)
Entrez gene summary
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the SMAD, a family of proteins similar to the gene products of the Drosophila gene 'mothers against decapentaplegic' (Mad) and the C. elegans gene Sma. SMAD proteins are signal transducers and transcriptional modulators that mediate multiple signaling pathways. This protein mediates the signal of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, and thus regulates multiple cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. This protein is recruited to the TGF-beta receptors through its interaction with the SMAD anchor for receptor activation (SARA) protein. In response to TGF-beta signal, this protein is phosphorylated by the TGF-beta receptors. The phosphorylation induces the dissociation of this protein with SARA and the association with the family member SMAD4. The association with SMAD4 is important for the translocation of this protein into the nucleus, where it binds to target promoters and forms a transcription repressor complex with other cofactors. This protein can also be phosphorylated by activin type 1 receptor kinase, and mediates the signal from the activin. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2012]
The protein browser displays the antigen location on the target protein(s) and the features of the target protein. The tabs at the top of the protein view section can be used to switch between the different splice variants to which an antigen has been mapped.
At the top of the view, the position of the antigen (identified by the corresponding HPA identifier) is shown as a green bar. A yellow triangle on the bar indicates a <100% sequence identity to the protein target.
Under the antigens, the maximum percent sequence identity of the protein to all other proteins from other human genes is displayed, using a sliding window of 10 aa residues (HsID 10) or 50 aa residues (HsID 50) (read more).
If a signal peptide is predicted by a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius (turquoise) and/or transmembrane regions (orange) are predicted by MDM, these are displayed.
Low complexity regions are shown in yellow and InterPro regions in green. Common (purple) and unique (grey) regions between different splice variants of the gene are also displayed (read more), and at the bottom of the protein view is the protein scale.
SMAD2-001
SMAD2-002
SMAD2-003
SMAD2-004
SMAD2-005
SMAD2-006
SMAD2-007
SMAD2-008
SMAD2-009
SMAD2-201
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The ENSP identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary, while the ENST identifier links to the Ensembl website transcript summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the UniProt column can be expanded to show links to all matching UniProt identifiers for this protein.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The Gene Ontology terms assigned to this protein are listed if expanding the Gene ontology column. The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide (according to a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius) and the number of predicted transmembrane region(s) (according to MDM) are also reported.
Q15796 [Direct mapping] Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 Q53XR6 [Target identity:100%; Query identity:100%] Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins Transcription factors beta-Hairpin exposed by an alpha/beta-scaffold Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Mutated cancer genes Mutational cancer driver genes Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000122 [negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter] GO:0000790 [nuclear chromatin] GO:0000978 [RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0001077 [transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific binding] GO:0001657 [ureteric bud development] GO:0001701 [in utero embryonic development] GO:0001706 [endoderm formation] GO:0001707 [mesoderm formation] GO:0003677 [DNA binding] GO:0003682 [chromatin binding] GO:0003690 [double-stranded DNA binding] GO:0003700 [transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0005160 [transforming growth factor beta receptor binding] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005622 [intracellular] GO:0005634 [nucleus] GO:0005654 [nucleoplasm] GO:0005667 [transcription factor complex] GO:0005737 [cytoplasm] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0006351 [transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0006355 [regulation of transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0006367 [transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter] GO:0006468 [protein phosphorylation] GO:0007179 [transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway] GO:0007182 [common-partner SMAD protein phosphorylation] GO:0007183 [SMAD protein complex assembly] GO:0007352 [zygotic specification of dorsal/ventral axis] GO:0007369 [gastrulation] GO:0007389 [pattern specification process] GO:0007492 [endoderm development] GO:0007507 [heart development] GO:0008134 [transcription factor binding] GO:0008285 [negative regulation of cell proliferation] GO:0009749 [response to glucose] GO:0009791 [post-embryonic development] GO:0009880 [embryonic pattern specification] GO:0009952 [anterior/posterior pattern specification] GO:0010467 [gene expression] GO:0010628 [positive regulation of gene expression] GO:0010629 [negative regulation of gene expression] GO:0010718 [positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition] GO:0017015 [regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway] GO:0019902 [phosphatase binding] GO:0023019 [signal transduction involved in regulation of gene expression] GO:0030073 [insulin secretion] GO:0030324 [lung development] GO:0030512 [negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway] GO:0030513 [positive regulation of BMP signaling pathway] GO:0030618 [transforming growth factor beta receptor, pathway-specific cytoplasmic mediator activity] GO:0031016 [pancreas development] GO:0031053 [primary miRNA processing] GO:0031625 [ubiquitin protein ligase binding] GO:0032444 [activin responsive factor complex] GO:0032924 [activin receptor signaling pathway] GO:0033613 [activating transcription factor binding] GO:0034713 [type I transforming growth factor beta receptor binding] GO:0035019 [somatic stem cell population maintenance] GO:0035265 [organ growth] GO:0035326 [enhancer binding] GO:0035556 [intracellular signal transduction] GO:0038092 [nodal signaling pathway] GO:0042803 [protein homodimerization activity] GO:0043234 [protein complex] GO:0045165 [cell fate commitment] GO:0045892 [negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0045893 [positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0045944 [positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter] GO:0046332 [SMAD binding] GO:0046872 [metal ion binding] GO:0046982 [protein heterodimerization activity] GO:0048340 [paraxial mesoderm morphogenesis] GO:0048589 [developmental growth] GO:0048617 [embryonic foregut morphogenesis] GO:0048701 [embryonic cranial skeleton morphogenesis] GO:0051098 [regulation of binding] GO:0060021 [palate development] GO:0060039 [pericardium development] GO:0060395 [SMAD protein signal transduction] GO:0070410 [co-SMAD binding] GO:0070411 [I-SMAD binding] GO:0070412 [R-SMAD binding] GO:0070723 [response to cholesterol] GO:0071141 [SMAD protein complex] GO:0071144 [SMAD2-SMAD3 protein complex] GO:1900224 [positive regulation of nodal signaling pathway involved in determination of lateral mesoderm left/right asymmetry]
Q15796 [Direct mapping] Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 Q53XR6 [Target identity:100%; Query identity:100%] Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins Transcription factors beta-Hairpin exposed by an alpha/beta-scaffold Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Mutated cancer genes Mutational cancer driver genes Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000122 [negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter] GO:0000790 [nuclear chromatin] GO:0000978 [RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0001077 [transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific binding] GO:0001707 [mesoderm formation] GO:0003677 [DNA binding] GO:0003690 [double-stranded DNA binding] GO:0003700 [transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0005160 [transforming growth factor beta receptor binding] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005622 [intracellular] GO:0005634 [nucleus] GO:0005654 [nucleoplasm] GO:0005667 [transcription factor complex] GO:0005737 [cytoplasm] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0006351 [transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0006355 [regulation of transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0006367 [transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter] GO:0007179 [transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway] GO:0007182 [common-partner SMAD protein phosphorylation] GO:0007183 [SMAD protein complex assembly] GO:0007352 [zygotic specification of dorsal/ventral axis] GO:0007369 [gastrulation] GO:0008134 [transcription factor binding] GO:0009952 [anterior/posterior pattern specification] GO:0010467 [gene expression] GO:0010718 [positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition] GO:0017015 [regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway] GO:0019902 [phosphatase binding] GO:0030512 [negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway] GO:0030513 [positive regulation of BMP signaling pathway] GO:0030618 [transforming growth factor beta receptor, pathway-specific cytoplasmic mediator activity] GO:0031053 [primary miRNA processing] GO:0031625 [ubiquitin protein ligase binding] GO:0032444 [activin responsive factor complex] GO:0032924 [activin receptor signaling pathway] GO:0033613 [activating transcription factor binding] GO:0034713 [type I transforming growth factor beta receptor binding] GO:0035019 [somatic stem cell population maintenance] GO:0035326 [enhancer binding] GO:0035556 [intracellular signal transduction] GO:0038092 [nodal signaling pathway] GO:0045165 [cell fate commitment] GO:0045892 [negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0045893 [positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0045944 [positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter] GO:0046332 [SMAD binding] GO:0046872 [metal ion binding] GO:0048340 [paraxial mesoderm morphogenesis] GO:0051098 [regulation of binding] GO:0060021 [palate development] GO:0070410 [co-SMAD binding] GO:0070411 [I-SMAD binding] GO:0070412 [R-SMAD binding] GO:0070723 [response to cholesterol] GO:0071141 [SMAD protein complex] GO:0071144 [SMAD2-SMAD3 protein complex] GO:1900224 [positive regulation of nodal signaling pathway involved in determination of lateral mesoderm left/right asymmetry]
Q15796 [Direct mapping] Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins Transcription factors beta-Hairpin exposed by an alpha/beta-scaffold Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Mutated cancer genes Mutational cancer driver genes Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000122 [negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter] GO:0000790 [nuclear chromatin] GO:0000978 [RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0001077 [transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific binding] GO:0001707 [mesoderm formation] GO:0003677 [DNA binding] GO:0003690 [double-stranded DNA binding] GO:0003700 [transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0005160 [transforming growth factor beta receptor binding] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005622 [intracellular] GO:0005634 [nucleus] GO:0005654 [nucleoplasm] GO:0005667 [transcription factor complex] GO:0005737 [cytoplasm] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0006351 [transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0006355 [regulation of transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0006367 [transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter] GO:0007179 [transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway] GO:0007182 [common-partner SMAD protein phosphorylation] GO:0007183 [SMAD protein complex assembly] GO:0007352 [zygotic specification of dorsal/ventral axis] GO:0007369 [gastrulation] GO:0008134 [transcription factor binding] GO:0009952 [anterior/posterior pattern specification] GO:0010467 [gene expression] GO:0010718 [positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition] GO:0017015 [regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway] GO:0019902 [phosphatase binding] GO:0030512 [negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway] GO:0030513 [positive regulation of BMP signaling pathway] GO:0030618 [transforming growth factor beta receptor, pathway-specific cytoplasmic mediator activity] GO:0031053 [primary miRNA processing] GO:0031625 [ubiquitin protein ligase binding] GO:0032444 [activin responsive factor complex] GO:0032924 [activin receptor signaling pathway] GO:0033613 [activating transcription factor binding] GO:0034713 [type I transforming growth factor beta receptor binding] GO:0035019 [somatic stem cell population maintenance] GO:0035326 [enhancer binding] GO:0035556 [intracellular signal transduction] GO:0038092 [nodal signaling pathway] GO:0045165 [cell fate commitment] GO:0045892 [negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0045893 [positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0045944 [positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter] GO:0046332 [SMAD binding] GO:0046872 [metal ion binding] GO:0048340 [paraxial mesoderm morphogenesis] GO:0051098 [regulation of binding] GO:0060021 [palate development] GO:0070410 [co-SMAD binding] GO:0070411 [I-SMAD binding] GO:0070412 [R-SMAD binding] GO:0070723 [response to cholesterol] GO:0071141 [SMAD protein complex] GO:0071144 [SMAD2-SMAD3 protein complex] GO:1900224 [positive regulation of nodal signaling pathway involved in determination of lateral mesoderm left/right asymmetry]
K7EJX0 [Direct mapping] Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2
Show all
SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Cancer-related genes Mutated cancer genes Mutational cancer driver genes Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
K7ERC7 [Direct mapping] Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2
Show all
SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Cancer-related genes Mutated cancer genes Mutational cancer driver genes Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
K7EJX0 [Direct mapping] Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2
Show all
SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Cancer-related genes Mutated cancer genes Mutational cancer driver genes Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Q15796 [Direct mapping] Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins Transcription factors beta-Hairpin exposed by an alpha/beta-scaffold Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Mutated cancer genes Mutational cancer driver genes Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000122 [negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter] GO:0000790 [nuclear chromatin] GO:0000978 [RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0001077 [transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific binding] GO:0001707 [mesoderm formation] GO:0003677 [DNA binding] GO:0003690 [double-stranded DNA binding] GO:0003700 [transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0005160 [transforming growth factor beta receptor binding] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005622 [intracellular] GO:0005634 [nucleus] GO:0005654 [nucleoplasm] GO:0005667 [transcription factor complex] GO:0005737 [cytoplasm] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0006351 [transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0006355 [regulation of transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0006367 [transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter] GO:0007179 [transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway] GO:0007182 [common-partner SMAD protein phosphorylation] GO:0007183 [SMAD protein complex assembly] GO:0007352 [zygotic specification of dorsal/ventral axis] GO:0007369 [gastrulation] GO:0008134 [transcription factor binding] GO:0009952 [anterior/posterior pattern specification] GO:0010467 [gene expression] GO:0010718 [positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition] GO:0017015 [regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway] GO:0019902 [phosphatase binding] GO:0030512 [negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway] GO:0030513 [positive regulation of BMP signaling pathway] GO:0030618 [transforming growth factor beta receptor, pathway-specific cytoplasmic mediator activity] GO:0031053 [primary miRNA processing] GO:0031625 [ubiquitin protein ligase binding] GO:0032444 [activin responsive factor complex] GO:0032924 [activin receptor signaling pathway] GO:0033613 [activating transcription factor binding] GO:0034713 [type I transforming growth factor beta receptor binding] GO:0035019 [somatic stem cell population maintenance] GO:0035326 [enhancer binding] GO:0035556 [intracellular signal transduction] GO:0038092 [nodal signaling pathway] GO:0045165 [cell fate commitment] GO:0045892 [negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0045893 [positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0045944 [positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter] GO:0046332 [SMAD binding] GO:0046872 [metal ion binding] GO:0048340 [paraxial mesoderm morphogenesis] GO:0051098 [regulation of binding] GO:0060021 [palate development] GO:0070410 [co-SMAD binding] GO:0070411 [I-SMAD binding] GO:0070412 [R-SMAD binding] GO:0070723 [response to cholesterol] GO:0071141 [SMAD protein complex] GO:0071144 [SMAD2-SMAD3 protein complex] GO:1900224 [positive regulation of nodal signaling pathway involved in determination of lateral mesoderm left/right asymmetry]