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Term
Gene name

Class

Subclass

Chromosome

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In atlas

Reliability

Reliability

Reliability

Validation

Method

Validation

Method

Validation

Method

Validation

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Searches

Tissue

Cell type

Expression

Tissue

Specificity

Cell line

Specificity

Tissue

Detectable

Cell line

Detectable

Category

Score

Score

Score

Antibodies

Column

 
 
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PEG10
  • premium

    TISSUE

  • premium

    CELL

  • CANCER

CANCER ATLAS

GENE/PROTEIN

Antibody validation

Dictionary

Level of antibody staining/expression





High
Medium
Low
Not detected

CANCER ATLASi

The cancer tissue page shows antibody staining in 20 different cancers. The assay and annotation is described here.

This page starts with information about the protein evidence and, when applicable, also protein class. Below the summary, a selection of four standard cancer tissue samples is displayed as representative of the overall staining pattern. From left: colorectal cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer and lung cancer. An additional 5th image can be added as a complement.

For histological reference, visit the histological dictionary.

Gene description

Paternally expressed 10

Protein class

Predicted intracellular proteins

Protein evidence

Evidence at protein level
Colorectal cancer
Breast cancer
Prostate cancer
Lung cancer
Liver cancer

STAINING SUMMARYi

The cancer tissue summary page shows antibody staining in 20 different cancers. The assay and annotation is described here.

For each cancer, the fraction of samples with antibody staining/protein expression level high, medium, low, or not detected are provided by the blue-scale color-coding (as described by the color-coding scale in the box to the right). The length of the bar represents the number of patient samples analyzed (max=12 patients). The images and annotations can be accessed by clicking on the cancer name or protein expression bar. If more than one antibody is analyzed, the tabs at the top of the staining summary section can be used to toggle between the different antibodies. The tooltip function displays additional data for the features in the staining summary view.

Next to the cancer staining data, the protein expression data of normal tissues or specific cell types corresponding to each cancer are shown and protein expression levels are indicated by the blue-scale color coding.

At the bottom of the page, a summary of the overall protein expression pattern across the analyzed cancer tissues as well as information about literature conformity are presented.

HPA021324
HPA029915
HPA051038

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Staining summary

Cancer tissues were mainly negative.

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Staining summary

Colorectal, ovarian, pancreatic and liver cancers and a few cases of lung and gastric cancers exhibited weak to moderate cytoplasmic and/or membranous immunoreactivity. Remaining malignant cells were generally negative.

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Staining summary

Few lung and breast cancers showed strong cytoplasmic positivity. Thyroid cancers along with several testicular cancers showed moderate staining. Remaining cancers tissues were negative.

GENE INFORMATIONi

Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.

Gene name

PEG10 (HGNC Symbol)

Synonyms

HB-1, KIAA1051, Mar2, Mart2, MEF3L, RGAG3

Description

Paternally expressed 10 (HGNC Symbol)

Entrez gene summary

This is a paternally expressed imprinted gene that is thought to have been derived from the Ty3/Gypsy family of retrotransposons. It contains two overlapping open reading frames, RF1 and RF2, and expresses two proteins: a shorter, gag-like protein (with a CCHC-type zinc finger domain) from RF1; and a longer, gag/pol-like fusion protein (with an additional aspartic protease motif) from RF1/RF2 by -1 translational frameshifting (-1 FS). While -1 FS has been observed in RNA viruses and transposons in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, this gene represents the first example of -1 FS in a eukaryotic cellular gene. This gene is highly conserved across mammalian species and retains the heptanucleotide (GGGAAAC) and pseudoknot elements required for -1 FS. It is expressed in adult and embryonic tissues (most notably in placenta) and reported to have a role in cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Overexpression of this gene has been associated with several malignancies, such as hepatocellular carcinoma and B-cell lymphocytic leukemia. Knockout mice lacking this gene showed early embryonic lethality with placental defects, indicating the importance of this gene in embryonic development. Additional isoforms resulting from alternatively spliced transcript variants, and use of upstream non-AUG (CUG) start codon have been reported for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2014]

Chromosome

7

Cytoband

q21.3

Chromosome location (bp)

94656325 - 94669695

Protein evidence

Evidence at protein level (all genes)

Ensembl

ENSG00000242265 (version 83.38)

Entrez gene

23089

UniProt

Q86TG7 (UniProt - Evidence at protein level)

neXtProt

NX_Q86TG7

Antibodypedia

PEG10 antibodies

PROTEIN BROWSERi

The protein browser displays the antigen location on the target protein(s) and the features of the target protein. The tabs at the top of the protein view section can be used to switch between the different splice variants to which an antigen has been mapped.

At the top of the view, the position of the antigen (identified by the corresponding HPA identifier) is shown as a green bar. A yellow triangle on the bar indicates a <100% sequence identity to the protein target.

Under the antigens, the maximum percent sequence identity of the protein to all other proteins from other human genes is displayed, using a sliding window of 10 aa residues (HsID 10) or 50 aa residues (HsID 50) (read more).

If a signal peptide is predicted by a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius (turquoise) and/or transmembrane regions (orange) are predicted by MDM, these are displayed.

Low complexity regions are shown in yellow and InterPro regions in green. Common (purple) and unique (grey) regions between different splice variants of the gene are also displayed (read more), and at the bottom of the protein view is the protein scale.

PEG10-001
PEG10-002
PEG10-005
PEG10-006
PEG10-007
PEG10-008
PEG10-009

PROTEIN INFORMATIONi

The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.

The ENSP identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary, while the ENST identifier links to the Ensembl website transcript summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the UniProt column can be expanded to show links to all matching UniProt identifiers for this protein.

The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.

The Gene Ontology terms assigned to this protein are listed if expanding the Gene ontology column. The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide (according to a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius) and the number of predicted transmembrane region(s) (according to MDM) are also reported.

Splice variant

UniProt

Protein class

Gene ontology

Length & mass

Signal peptide
(predicted)

Transmembrane regions
(predicted)

PEG10-001
ENSP00000417587
ENST00000482108
Q86TG7 [Direct mapping]
Retrotransposon-derived protein PEG10
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0003676 [nucleic acid binding]
GO:0003677 [DNA binding]
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
GO:0005634 [nucleus]
GO:0005737 [cytoplasm]
GO:0006915 [apoptotic process]
GO:0008270 [zinc ion binding]
GO:0030154 [cell differentiation]
GO:0030512 [negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0044822 [poly(A) RNA binding]
Show all
325 aa
37 kDa
No 0
PEG10-002
ENSP00000418944
ENST00000488574
B4DSP0 [Direct mapping]
HCG1642748, isoform CRA_b; Retrotransposon-derived protein PEG10; cDNA FLJ56638, highly similar to Homo sapiens paternally expressed 10 (PEG10), transcript variant 1, mRNA
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0001890 [placenta development]
GO:0003676 [nucleic acid binding]
GO:0005737 [cytoplasm]
GO:0008270 [zinc ion binding]
Show all
401 aa
45.1 kDa
No 0
PEG10-005
ENSP00000481101
ENST00000617526
A0A087WXK2 [Direct mapping]
Retrotransposon-derived protein PEG10
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0003676 [nucleic acid binding]
GO:0008270 [zinc ion binding]
Show all
707 aa
80.1 kDa
No 0
PEG10-006
ENSP00000480676
ENST00000612748
A0A087WX23 [Direct mapping]
Retrotransposon-derived protein PEG10
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0003676 [nucleic acid binding]
GO:0008270 [zinc ion binding]
Show all
783 aa
88.2 kDa
No 0
PEG10-007
ENSP00000482653
ENST00000615790
A0A087WZG9 [Direct mapping]
Retrotransposon-derived protein PEG10
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0003676 [nucleic acid binding]
GO:0008270 [zinc ion binding]
Show all
359 aa
40.5 kDa
No 0
PEG10-008
ENSP00000478744
ENST00000612941
A0A087WUL4 [Direct mapping]
Retrotransposon-derived protein PEG10
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0003676 [nucleic acid binding]
GO:0008270 [zinc ion binding]
Show all
741 aa
83.6 kDa
No 0
PEG10-009
ENSP00000482046
ENST00000613043
A0A087WYS2 [Direct mapping]
Retrotransposon-derived protein PEG10
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
31 aa
3.8 kDa
No 0

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The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
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