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Members of the ribonuclease III superfamily of double-stranded (ds) RNA-specific endoribonucleases participate in diverse RNA maturation and decay pathways in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells (Fortin et al., 2002 [PubMed 12191433]). The RNase III Drosha is the core nuclease that executes the initiation step of microRNA (miRNA) processing in the nucleus (Lee et al., 2003 [PubMed 14508493]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]