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A single case of papillary adenocarcinoma of thyroid showed strong cytoplasmic staining. Rare cases of colorectal cancer and melanoma displayed moderate positivity. Rare urothelial, ovarian and liver cancers exhibited moderate cytoplasmic and nuclear positivity. Remaining cancers were weakly stained or negative.
Majority cancer tissues showed weak to moderate membranous staining often with cytoplasmic positivity. Few cases of colorectal cancers displayed strong membranous staining while hepatocellular carcinomas exhibited strong cytoplasmic immunoreactivity. Carcinoid, lymphomas and testis cancers were negative.
A few cases of colorectal, urothelial and liver cancers exhibited weak to moderate cytoplasmic immunoreactivity. Remaining cancer tissues were generally negative.
Few cases of breast, urothelial and hepatocellular carcinomas showed moderate cytoplasmic and nuclear positivity. Remaining cancer tissues were negative.
GENE INFORMATION
Gene name
GSTM1 (HGNC Symbol)
Synonyms
GST1, H-B, MU
Description
Glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (HGNC Symbol)
Entrez gene summary
Cytosolic and membrane-bound forms of glutathione S-transferase are encoded by two distinct supergene families. At present, eight distinct classes of the soluble cytoplasmic mammalian glutathione S-transferases have been identified: alpha, kappa, mu, omega, pi, sigma, theta and zeta. This gene encodes a glutathione S-transferase that belongs to the mu class. The mu class of enzymes functions in the detoxification of electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins and products of oxidative stress, by conjugation with glutathione. The genes encoding the mu class of enzymes are organized in a gene cluster on chromosome 1p13.3 and are known to be highly polymorphic. These genetic variations can change an individual's susceptibility to carcinogens and toxins as well as affect the toxicity and efficacy of certain drugs. Null mutations of this class mu gene have been linked with an increase in a number of cancers, likely due to an increased susceptibility to environmental toxins and carcinogens. Multiple protein isoforms are encoded by transcript variants of this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
P09488 [Direct mapping] Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 X5DR03 [Target identity:100%; Query identity:100%] Glutathione S-transferase mu 1 isoform B
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Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
P09488 [Direct mapping] Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 X5D932 [Target identity:100%; Query identity:100%] Glutathione S-transferase mu 1 isoform C
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Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)