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Most cancer tissues showed weak to moderate cytoplasmic staining combined with nuclear positivity in several cases. Most melanomas, prostate, skin and testicular cancers were negative.
A majority of cancer cells displayed moderate to strong immunoreactivity. Prostate cancers, hepatocellular carcinomas, carcinoids and melanomas were generally negative.
GENE INFORMATION
Gene name
IL18 (HGNC Symbol)
Synonyms
IGIF, IL-18, IL-1g, IL1F4
Description
Interleukin 18 (HGNC Symbol)
Entrez gene summary
The protein encoded by this gene is a proinflammatory cytokine that augments natural killer cell activity in spleen cells, and stimulates interferon gamma production in T-helper type I cells. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]
Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Candidate cardiovascular disease genes Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0000165 [MAPK cascade] GO:0001525 [angiogenesis] GO:0005125 [cytokine activity] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005576 [extracellular region] GO:0005615 [extracellular space] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0006954 [inflammatory response] GO:0006955 [immune response] GO:0007267 [cell-cell signaling] GO:0010628 [positive regulation of gene expression] GO:0030101 [natural killer cell activation] GO:0030155 [regulation of cell adhesion] GO:0030431 [sleep] GO:0031663 [lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0032725 [positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production] GO:0032729 [positive regulation of interferon-gamma production] GO:0032740 [positive regulation of interleukin-17 production] GO:0032819 [positive regulation of natural killer cell proliferation] GO:0034105 [positive regulation of tissue remodeling] GO:0042033 [chemokine biosynthetic process] GO:0042088 [T-helper 1 type immune response] GO:0042092 [type 2 immune response] GO:0042094 [interleukin-2 biosynthetic process] GO:0042095 [interferon-gamma biosynthetic process] GO:0042104 [positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation] GO:0042231 [interleukin-13 biosynthetic process] GO:0042253 [granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor biosynthetic process] GO:0042346 [positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus] GO:0042517 [positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein] GO:0045662 [negative regulation of myoblast differentiation] GO:0050729 [positive regulation of inflammatory response] GO:0051142 [positive regulation of NK T cell proliferation] GO:0070062 [extracellular exosome] GO:0071222 [cellular response to lipopolysaccharide] GO:0071407 [cellular response to organic cyclic compound]
Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Candidate cardiovascular disease genes Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000165 [MAPK cascade] GO:0001525 [angiogenesis] GO:0005125 [cytokine activity] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005576 [extracellular region] GO:0005615 [extracellular space] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0006954 [inflammatory response] GO:0006955 [immune response] GO:0007267 [cell-cell signaling] GO:0030155 [regulation of cell adhesion] GO:0030431 [sleep] GO:0031663 [lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0032725 [positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production] GO:0032729 [positive regulation of interferon-gamma production] GO:0032740 [positive regulation of interleukin-17 production] GO:0032819 [positive regulation of natural killer cell proliferation] GO:0034105 [positive regulation of tissue remodeling] GO:0042033 [chemokine biosynthetic process] GO:0042088 [T-helper 1 type immune response] GO:0042092 [type 2 immune response] GO:0042094 [interleukin-2 biosynthetic process] GO:0042095 [interferon-gamma biosynthetic process] GO:0042104 [positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation] GO:0042231 [interleukin-13 biosynthetic process] GO:0042253 [granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor biosynthetic process] GO:0042517 [positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein] GO:0050729 [positive regulation of inflammatory response] GO:0051142 [positive regulation of NK T cell proliferation] GO:0070062 [extracellular exosome] GO:0071222 [cellular response to lipopolysaccharide] GO:0071407 [cellular response to organic cyclic compound]
Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Candidate cardiovascular disease genes Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000165 [MAPK cascade] GO:0001525 [angiogenesis] GO:0005125 [cytokine activity] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005576 [extracellular region] GO:0005615 [extracellular space] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0006954 [inflammatory response] GO:0006955 [immune response] GO:0007267 [cell-cell signaling] GO:0030155 [regulation of cell adhesion] GO:0030431 [sleep] GO:0031663 [lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0032725 [positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production] GO:0032729 [positive regulation of interferon-gamma production] GO:0032740 [positive regulation of interleukin-17 production] GO:0032819 [positive regulation of natural killer cell proliferation] GO:0034105 [positive regulation of tissue remodeling] GO:0042033 [chemokine biosynthetic process] GO:0042088 [T-helper 1 type immune response] GO:0042092 [type 2 immune response] GO:0042094 [interleukin-2 biosynthetic process] GO:0042095 [interferon-gamma biosynthetic process] GO:0042104 [positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation] GO:0042231 [interleukin-13 biosynthetic process] GO:0042253 [granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor biosynthetic process] GO:0042517 [positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein] GO:0050729 [positive regulation of inflammatory response] GO:0051142 [positive regulation of NK T cell proliferation] GO:0070062 [extracellular exosome] GO:0071222 [cellular response to lipopolysaccharide] GO:0071407 [cellular response to organic cyclic compound]