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Malignant tissues generally displayed moderate cytoplasmic positivity. Several malignant lymphomas and colorectal cancers as well as a few cases of testicular seminomas, malignant carcinoids and pancreatic cancers displayed strong immunoreactivity. Most renal, gastric and liver cancers were weakly stained or negative.
GENE INFORMATION
Gene name
ATG4A (HGNC Symbol)
Synonyms
APG4A, AUTL2
Description
Autophagy related 4A, cysteine peptidase (HGNC Symbol)
Entrez gene summary
Autophagy is the process by which endogenous proteins and damaged organelles are destroyed intracellularly. Autophagy is postulated to be essential for cell homeostasis and cell remodeling during differentiation, metamorphosis, non-apoptotic cell death, and aging. Reduced levels of autophagy have been described in some malignant tumors, and a role for autophagy in controlling the unregulated cell growth linked to cancer has been proposed. This gene encodes a member of the autophagin protein family. The encoded protein is also designated as a member of the C-54 family of cysteine proteases. Transcript variants that encode distinct isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]