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Gliomas exhibited moderate to strong cytoplasmic staining. A few cases of melanomas showed weak to moderate cytoplasmic positivity. Remaining cancers were generally negative.
Gliomas as well as several melanomas, breast, endometrial, testis and renal cancers displayed weak to moderate cytoplasmic positivity. Remaining cancers were generally negative.
Gliomas and melanomas showed moderate to strong cytoplasmic immunoreactivity. Malignant cells in general were negative.
GENE INFORMATION
Gene name
ANK2 (HGNC Symbol)
Synonyms
LQT4
Description
Ankyrin 2, neuronal (HGNC Symbol)
Entrez gene summary
This gene encodes a member of the ankyrin family of proteins that link the integral membrane proteins to the underlying spectrin-actin cytoskeleton. Ankyrins play key roles in activities such as cell motility, activation, proliferation, contact and the maintenance of specialized membrane domains. Most ankyrins are typically composed of three structural domains: an amino-terminal domain containing multiple ankyrin repeats; a central region with a highly conserved spectrin binding domain; and a carboxy-terminal regulatory domain which is the least conserved and subject to variation. The protein encoded by this gene is required for targeting and stability of Na/Ca exchanger 1 in cardiomyocytes. Mutations in this gene cause long QT syndrome 4 and cardiac arrhythmia syndrome. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2011]
Transporters Accessory Factors Involved in Transport Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins Disease related genes Potential drug targets Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0002027 [regulation of heart rate] GO:0003283 [atrial septum development] GO:0005200 [structural constituent of cytoskeleton] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005622 [intracellular] GO:0005737 [cytoplasm] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0005856 [cytoskeleton] GO:0005886 [plasma membrane] GO:0005887 [integral component of plasma membrane] GO:0006874 [cellular calcium ion homeostasis] GO:0007165 [signal transduction] GO:0007399 [nervous system development] GO:0007411 [axon guidance] GO:0008104 [protein localization] GO:0010628 [positive regulation of gene expression] GO:0010881 [regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by regulation of the release of sequestered calcium ion] GO:0010882 [regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by calcium ion signaling] GO:0014704 [intercalated disc] GO:0015459 [potassium channel regulator activity] GO:0016323 [basolateral plasma membrane] GO:0016324 [apical plasma membrane] GO:0019899 [enzyme binding] GO:0019901 [protein kinase binding] GO:0030018 [Z disc] GO:0030315 [T-tubule] GO:0030507 [spectrin binding] GO:0030674 [protein binding, bridging] GO:0030913 [paranodal junction assembly] GO:0031430 [M band] GO:0031647 [regulation of protein stability] GO:0031672 [A band] GO:0033292 [T-tubule organization] GO:0033365 [protein localization to organelle] GO:0034394 [protein localization to cell surface] GO:0034613 [cellular protein localization] GO:0036309 [protein localization to M-band] GO:0036371 [protein localization to T-tubule] GO:0042383 [sarcolemma] GO:0043005 [neuron projection] GO:0043034 [costamere] GO:0043268 [positive regulation of potassium ion transport] GO:0044325 [ion channel binding] GO:0045121 [membrane raft] GO:0045211 [postsynaptic membrane] GO:0048471 [perinuclear region of cytoplasm] GO:0050821 [protein stabilization] GO:0051117 [ATPase binding] GO:0051279 [regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol] GO:0051597 [response to methylmercury] GO:0051924 [regulation of calcium ion transport] GO:0051928 [positive regulation of calcium ion transport] GO:0055117 [regulation of cardiac muscle contraction] GO:0060048 [cardiac muscle contraction] GO:0060307 [regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarization] GO:0070296 [sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ion transport] GO:0070972 [protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum] GO:0072659 [protein localization to plasma membrane] GO:0072661 [protein targeting to plasma membrane] GO:0086004 [regulation of cardiac muscle cell contraction] GO:0086005 [ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential] GO:0086014 [atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential] GO:0086015 [SA node cell action potential] GO:0086036 [regulation of cardiac muscle cell membrane potential] GO:0086046 [membrane depolarization during SA node cell action potential] GO:0086066 [atrial cardiac muscle cell to AV node cell communication] GO:0086070 [SA node cell to atrial cardiac muscle cell communication] GO:0086091 [regulation of heart rate by cardiac conduction] GO:0097481 [neuronal postsynaptic density] GO:0098904 [regulation of AV node cell action potential] GO:0098907 [regulation of SA node cell action potential] GO:0098910 [regulation of atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential] GO:1901018 [positive regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity] GO:1901019 [regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity] GO:1901021 [positive regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity] GO:2001257 [regulation of cation channel activity] GO:2001259 [positive regulation of cation channel activity]
Transporters Accessory Factors Involved in Transport Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins Disease related genes Potential drug targets Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0002027 [regulation of heart rate] GO:0003283 [atrial septum development] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005622 [intracellular] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0005856 [cytoskeleton] GO:0005886 [plasma membrane] GO:0006874 [cellular calcium ion homeostasis] GO:0007165 [signal transduction] GO:0007411 [axon guidance] GO:0010628 [positive regulation of gene expression] GO:0010881 [regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by regulation of the release of sequestered calcium ion] GO:0010882 [regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by calcium ion signaling] GO:0014704 [intercalated disc] GO:0016323 [basolateral plasma membrane] GO:0016324 [apical plasma membrane] GO:0019899 [enzyme binding] GO:0019901 [protein kinase binding] GO:0030018 [Z disc] GO:0030315 [T-tubule] GO:0030507 [spectrin binding] GO:0030674 [protein binding, bridging] GO:0031430 [M band] GO:0031647 [regulation of protein stability] GO:0031672 [A band] GO:0033292 [T-tubule organization] GO:0033365 [protein localization to organelle] GO:0034394 [protein localization to cell surface] GO:0034613 [cellular protein localization] GO:0036309 [protein localization to M-band] GO:0036371 [protein localization to T-tubule] GO:0042383 [sarcolemma] GO:0043034 [costamere] GO:0043268 [positive regulation of potassium ion transport] GO:0044325 [ion channel binding] GO:0045211 [postsynaptic membrane] GO:0050821 [protein stabilization] GO:0051117 [ATPase binding] GO:0051279 [regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol] GO:0051924 [regulation of calcium ion transport] GO:0051928 [positive regulation of calcium ion transport] GO:0055117 [regulation of cardiac muscle contraction] GO:0060307 [regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarization] GO:0070296 [sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ion transport] GO:0070972 [protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum] GO:0072659 [protein localization to plasma membrane] GO:0086004 [regulation of cardiac muscle cell contraction] GO:0086005 [ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential] GO:0086014 [atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential] GO:0086015 [SA node cell action potential] GO:0086046 [membrane depolarization during SA node cell action potential] GO:0086066 [atrial cardiac muscle cell to AV node cell communication] GO:0086070 [SA node cell to atrial cardiac muscle cell communication] GO:0086091 [regulation of heart rate by cardiac conduction] GO:0098907 [regulation of SA node cell action potential] GO:0098910 [regulation of atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential] GO:1901018 [positive regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity] GO:1901019 [regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity] GO:1901021 [positive regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity] GO:2001259 [positive regulation of cation channel activity]
Transporters Accessory Factors Involved in Transport Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins Disease related genes Potential drug targets Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0002027 [regulation of heart rate] GO:0003283 [atrial septum development] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005622 [intracellular] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0005856 [cytoskeleton] GO:0005886 [plasma membrane] GO:0006874 [cellular calcium ion homeostasis] GO:0007165 [signal transduction] GO:0007411 [axon guidance] GO:0010628 [positive regulation of gene expression] GO:0010881 [regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by regulation of the release of sequestered calcium ion] GO:0010882 [regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by calcium ion signaling] GO:0014704 [intercalated disc] GO:0016323 [basolateral plasma membrane] GO:0016324 [apical plasma membrane] GO:0019899 [enzyme binding] GO:0019901 [protein kinase binding] GO:0030018 [Z disc] GO:0030315 [T-tubule] GO:0030507 [spectrin binding] GO:0030674 [protein binding, bridging] GO:0031430 [M band] GO:0031647 [regulation of protein stability] GO:0031672 [A band] GO:0033292 [T-tubule organization] GO:0033365 [protein localization to organelle] GO:0034394 [protein localization to cell surface] GO:0034613 [cellular protein localization] GO:0036309 [protein localization to M-band] GO:0036371 [protein localization to T-tubule] GO:0042383 [sarcolemma] GO:0043034 [costamere] GO:0043268 [positive regulation of potassium ion transport] GO:0044325 [ion channel binding] GO:0045211 [postsynaptic membrane] GO:0050821 [protein stabilization] GO:0051117 [ATPase binding] GO:0051279 [regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol] GO:0051924 [regulation of calcium ion transport] GO:0051928 [positive regulation of calcium ion transport] GO:0055117 [regulation of cardiac muscle contraction] GO:0060307 [regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarization] GO:0070296 [sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ion transport] GO:0070972 [protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum] GO:0072659 [protein localization to plasma membrane] GO:0086004 [regulation of cardiac muscle cell contraction] GO:0086005 [ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential] GO:0086014 [atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential] GO:0086015 [SA node cell action potential] GO:0086046 [membrane depolarization during SA node cell action potential] GO:0086066 [atrial cardiac muscle cell to AV node cell communication] GO:0086070 [SA node cell to atrial cardiac muscle cell communication] GO:0086091 [regulation of heart rate by cardiac conduction] GO:0098907 [regulation of SA node cell action potential] GO:0098910 [regulation of atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential] GO:1901018 [positive regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity] GO:1901019 [regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity] GO:1901021 [positive regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity] GO:2001259 [positive regulation of cation channel activity]
Transporters Accessory Factors Involved in Transport Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins Disease related genes Potential drug targets Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0002027 [regulation of heart rate] GO:0003283 [atrial septum development] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005622 [intracellular] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0005856 [cytoskeleton] GO:0005886 [plasma membrane] GO:0006874 [cellular calcium ion homeostasis] GO:0007165 [signal transduction] GO:0007411 [axon guidance] GO:0010628 [positive regulation of gene expression] GO:0010881 [regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by regulation of the release of sequestered calcium ion] GO:0010882 [regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by calcium ion signaling] GO:0014704 [intercalated disc] GO:0016323 [basolateral plasma membrane] GO:0016324 [apical plasma membrane] GO:0019899 [enzyme binding] GO:0019901 [protein kinase binding] GO:0030018 [Z disc] GO:0030315 [T-tubule] GO:0030507 [spectrin binding] GO:0030674 [protein binding, bridging] GO:0031430 [M band] GO:0031647 [regulation of protein stability] GO:0031672 [A band] GO:0033292 [T-tubule organization] GO:0033365 [protein localization to organelle] GO:0034394 [protein localization to cell surface] GO:0034613 [cellular protein localization] GO:0036309 [protein localization to M-band] GO:0036371 [protein localization to T-tubule] GO:0042383 [sarcolemma] GO:0043034 [costamere] GO:0043268 [positive regulation of potassium ion transport] GO:0044325 [ion channel binding] GO:0045211 [postsynaptic membrane] GO:0050821 [protein stabilization] GO:0051117 [ATPase binding] GO:0051279 [regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol] GO:0051924 [regulation of calcium ion transport] GO:0051928 [positive regulation of calcium ion transport] GO:0055117 [regulation of cardiac muscle contraction] GO:0060307 [regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarization] GO:0070296 [sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ion transport] GO:0070972 [protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum] GO:0072659 [protein localization to plasma membrane] GO:0086004 [regulation of cardiac muscle cell contraction] GO:0086005 [ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential] GO:0086014 [atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential] GO:0086015 [SA node cell action potential] GO:0086046 [membrane depolarization during SA node cell action potential] GO:0086066 [atrial cardiac muscle cell to AV node cell communication] GO:0086070 [SA node cell to atrial cardiac muscle cell communication] GO:0086091 [regulation of heart rate by cardiac conduction] GO:0098907 [regulation of SA node cell action potential] GO:0098910 [regulation of atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential] GO:1901018 [positive regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity] GO:1901019 [regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity] GO:1901021 [positive regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity] GO:2001259 [positive regulation of cation channel activity]