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Malignant gliomas and cases of endometrial and breast cancers showed moderate nuclear positivity. Remaining malignancies were weakly stained or negative.
Strong nuclear and nuclear membranous positivity was observed in malignant gliomas. Moderate cytoplasmic positivity with granular pattern was observed in colorectal cancer. Several cases of malignant melanoma showed moderate staining of nuclear membranes. Most other malignancies were weakly stained or negative.
This gene encodes a member of the basic-helix-loop-helix-Per-Arnt-Sim (bHLH-PAS) superfamily of transcription factors. The encoded protein acts as a partner for several sensor proteins of the bHLH-PAS family, forming heterodimers with the sensor proteins that bind regulatory DNA sequences in genes responsive to developmental and environmental stimuli. Under hypoxic conditions, the encoded protein complexes with hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha in the nucleus and this complex binds to hypoxia-responsive elements in enhancers and promoters of oxygen-responsive genes. A highly similar protein in mouse forms functional complexes with both aryl hydrocarbon receptors and Single-minded proteins, suggesting additional roles for the encoded protein in the metabolism of xenobiotic compounds and the regulation of neurogenesis, respectively. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2013]