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A majority of malignant cells demonstrated weak to moderate cytoplasmic immunoreactivity. Malignant lymphomas and most malignant melanomas showed strong cytoplasmic staining. Several prostate, urothelial, renal and gastric cancers were negative.
Most malignant cells were weakly stained or negative. Malignant lymphoma displayed strong cytoplasmic staining. Occasional cases of ovarian, endometrial and pancreatic cancers showed weak to moderate cytoplasmic staining.
The protein encoded by this gene is a transmembrane signaling enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate to 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG) using calcium as a cofactor. IP3 and DAG are second messenger molecules important for transmitting signals from growth factor receptors and immune system receptors across the cell membrane. Mutations in this gene have been found in autoinflammation, antibody deficiency, and immune dysregulation syndrome and familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome 3. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2014]
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Hydrolases Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes Mutated cancer genes Disease related genes Potential drug targets Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)