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Moderate to strong cytoplasmic, often granular, immunoreactivity was observed in most malignant cells. Prostate cancers and a few melanomas, colorectal, endometrial and liver cancer showed strong positivity. Cases of gliomas and lymphomas were negative.
Prostate cancers as well as several cases of melanomas, urothelial cancers and hepatocellular carcinomas were moderate to strongly stained. Remaining cancer tissues were generally negative.
GENE INFORMATION
Gene name
GRN (HGNC Symbol)
Synonyms
CLN11, PCDGF, PGRN
Description
Granulin (HGNC Symbol)
Entrez gene summary
Granulins are a family of secreted, glycosylated peptides that are cleaved from a single precursor protein with 7.5 repeats of a highly conserved 12-cysteine granulin/epithelin motif. The 88 kDa precursor protein, progranulin, is also called proepithelin and PC cell-derived growth factor. Cleavage of the signal peptide produces mature granulin which can be further cleaved into a variety of active, 6 kDa peptides. These smaller cleavage products are named granulin A, granulin B, granulin C, etc. Epithelins 1 and 2 are synonymous with granulins A and B, respectively. Both the peptides and intact granulin protein regulate cell growth. However, different members of the granulin protein family may act as inhibitors, stimulators, or have dual actions on cell growth. Granulin family members are important in normal development, wound healing, and tumorigenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Predicted secreted proteins Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC SignalP predicted secreted proteins Phobius predicted secreted proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins Plasma proteins Disease related genes Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
