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Cancer cells displayed moderate to strong cytoplasmic positivity and additional membranous staining in a few cases. Hepatocellular carcinomas were weakly stained or negative.
Several cases of carcinoids, gliomas and testicular cancers along with a few cases of melanomas, squamous cell carcinomas, breast and prostate cancers showed moderate to strong cytoplasmic positivity. Remaining cancer tissues were negative.
Cancer tissues displayed weak to moderate cytoplasmic staining with additional membranous and nuclear positivity in several tissues. Rare case of glioma and ovarian cancer was strongly stained. Majority of the cases of renal cancers were negative.
Most malignancies showed moderate to strong cytoplasmic positivity.
GENE INFORMATION
Gene name
TUBA4A (HGNC Symbol)
Synonyms
FLJ30169, H2-ALPHA, TUBA1
Description
Tubulin, alpha 4a (HGNC Symbol)
Entrez gene summary
Microtubules of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton perform essential and diverse functions and are composed of a heterodimer of alpha and beta tubulin. The genes encoding these microtubule constituents are part of the tubulin superfamily, which is composed of six distinct families. Genes from the alpha, beta and gamma tubulin families are found in all eukaryotes. The alpha and beta tubulins represent the major components of microtubules, while gamma tubulin plays a critical role in the nucleation of microtubule assembly. There are multiple alpha and beta tubulin genes and they are highly conserved among and between species. This gene encodes an alpha tubulin that is a highly conserved homolog of a rat testis-specific alpha tubulin. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2013]
SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins Disease related genes FDA approved drug targets Small molecule drugs Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins Disease related genes FDA approved drug targets Small molecule drugs Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)