In a recent study by co-workers of The Human Protein Atlas project over 100 genes with elevated expression pattern in the normal endometrium was found. A majority of these genes are well-known and have been extensively characterized. However, the list of endometrium-specific genes also includes uncharacterized genes, providing starting points for further studies of their role in normal homeostasis and diseases affecting the endometrium.

The uterus contains the endometrial mucosa which is the site for embryo implantation. In order to provide a suitable environment for the embryo at the right time, the endometrial mucosa in fertile women continuously cycles and undergoes dynamic alterations in response to various hormones.

Although the limited number of samples representing different hormonal states did not allow for any firm conclusions regarding gene expression differences in during cycling, the researchers observed markedly different patterns of gene expression between samples representing proliferative, secretory, and menopausal endometrium.

Read about the full analysis in Omics:

The Human Endometrium-Specific Proteome Defined by Transcriptomics and Antibody-Based Profiling

Explore the expression of proteins in the endometrium in the Human Protein Atlas, for example:

Carboxypeptidase M (CPM)

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)

Progestagen-associated endometrial protein(PAEP)

C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 6 (C1QTNF6)

In the Human Protein Atlas you can learn more about the endometrium and its specific proteome.